1,830 research outputs found
Leadership and Structure in University Fundraising
Fundraising is an essential part of the operation of any non-profit organization, especially non-profit higher education institutions. Literature shows fundraising methods in higher education have evolved over time with the need to increase fundraising success. Fundraising organizations have many levels of leadership in their complicated organizational structures. Leaders include but are not limited to the board of trustees, the president, chiefs or vice presidents of development, directors, associate directors, assistant directors, and volunteer boards. The interactions between these leaders and their followers, such as the donors in the fundraiser/donor relationship, affect fundraising success. This research project explored literature regarding the history of fundraising in higher education, organizational structure in non-profit development shops, levels of leadership in fundraising, and importance of leadership in fundraising. A mixed method methodology was used, combining qualitative literature review and a quantitative survey of higher education fundraising professionals that received 62 respondents. Literature and survey were considered to conclude that leadership style, traits, and organizational structure are critical to fundraising in higher education, but other factors can affect fundraising success such as institution type, size, culture, economy, and more
Cleft Extensions and Quotients of Twisted Quantum Doubles
Given a pair of finite groups and a normalized 3-cocycle of
, where acts on as automorphisms, we consider quasi-Hopf algebras
defined as a cleft extension where denotes
some suitable cohomological data. When is a
quotient of by a central subgroup acting trivially on , we give
necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a surjection of
quasi-Hopf algebras and cleft extensions of the type . Our
construction is particularly natural when acts on by conjugation, and
is a twisted quantum double . In
this case, we give necessary and sufficient conditions that
Rep() is a modular
tensor category.Comment: LaTex; 14 page
Graded q-pseudo-differential Operators and Supersymmetric Algebras
We give a supersymmetric generalization of the sine algebra and the quantum
algebra . Making use of the -pseudo-differential operators
graded with a fermionic algebra, we obtain a supersymmetric extension of sine
algebra. With this scheme we also get a quantum superalgebra .Comment: 10 pages, Late
Ground State Degeneracy in the Levin-Wen Model for Topological Phases
We study properties of topological phases by calculating the ground state
degeneracy (GSD) of the 2d Levin-Wen (LW) model. Here it is explicitly shown
that the GSD depends only on the spatial topology of the system. Then we show
that the ground state on a sphere is always non-degenerate. Moreover, we study
an example associated with a quantum group, and show that the GSD on a torus
agrees with that of the doubled Chern-Simons theory, consistent with the
conjectured equivalence between the LW model associated with a quantum group
and the doubled Chern-Simons theory.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures. v2: reference added; v3: two appendices adde
New types of bialgebras arising from the Hopf equation
New types of bialgebras arising from the Hopf equation (pentagonal equation)
are introduced and studied. They will play from the Hopf equation the same role
as the co-quasitriangular do from the quantum Yang Baxter equation.Comment: Latex2e, Comm Algebra, in pres
Long-term microparticle flux variability indicated by comparison of Interplanetary Dust Experiment (IDE) timed impacts for LDEF's first year in orbit with impact data for the entire 5.77-year orbital lifetime
The electronic sensors of the Interplanetary Dust Experiment (IDE) recorded precise impact times and approximate directions for submicron to approximately 100 micron size particles on all six primary sides of the spacecraft for the first 346 days of the LDEF orbital mission. Previously-reported analyses of the timed impact data have established their spatio-temporal features, including the demonstration that a preponderance of the particles in this regime are orbital debris and that a large fraction of the debris particles are encountered in megameter-size clouds. Short-term fluxes within such clouds can rise several orders of magnitude above the long-term average. These unexpectedly large short-term variations in debris flux raise the question of how representative an indication of the multi-year average flux is given by the nearly one year of timed data. One of the goals of the IDE was to conduct an optical survey of impact sites on detectors that remained active during the entire LDEF mission, to obtain full-mission fluxes. We present here the comparisons and contrasts among the new IDE optical survey impact data, the IDE first-year timed impact data, and impact data from other LDEF micrometeoroid and debris experiments. The following observations are reported: (1) the 5.77 year long-term integrated microparticle impact fluxes recorded by IDE detectors matched the integrated impact fluxes measured by other LDEF investigators for the same period; (2) IDE integrated microparticle impact fluxes varied by factors from 0.5 to 8.3 for LDEF days 1-346, 347-2106 and 1-2106 (5.77 years) on rows 3 (trailing edge, or West), 6 (South side), 12 (North side), and the Earth and Space ends; and (3) IDE integrated microparticle impact fluxes varied less than 3 percent for LDEF days 1-346, 347-2106 and 1-2106 (5.77 years) on row 9 (leading edge, or East). These results give further evidence of the accuracy and internal consistency of the recorded IDE impact data. This leads to the further conclusion that the utility of long-term ratios for impacts on various sides of a stabilized satellite in low Earth orbit (LEO) is extremely limited. These observations and their consequences highlight the need for continuous, real time monitoring of the dynamic microparticle environment in LEO
Methyl and t-butyl reorientation in an organic molecular solid
We have determined the molecular and crystal structure of 4,5-dibromo-2,7-di-t-butyl-9,9-dimethylxanthene and measured the 1H spin–lattice relaxation rate from 87 to 270 K at NMR frequencies of ω/2π=8.50, 22.5, and 53.0 MHz. All molecules in the crystal see the same intra and intermolecular environment and the repeating unit is half a molecule. We have extended models developed for 1H spin–lattice relaxation resulting from the reorientation of a t-butyl group and its constituent methyl groups to include these rotors and the 9-methyl groups. The relaxation rate data is well-fitted assuming that the t-butyl groups and all three of their constituent methyl groups, as well as the 9-methyl groups all reorient with an NMR activation energy of 15.8±1.6 kJ mol−1 corresponding to a barrier of 17.4±3.2 kJ mol−1. Only intramethyl and intra-t-butyl intermethyl spin–spin interactions need be considered. A unique random-motion Debye (or BPP) spectral density will not fit the data for any reasonable choice of parameters. A distribution of activation energies is required
Methyl and t-butyl reorientation in an organic molecular solid
We have determined the molecular and crystal structure of 4,5-dibromo-2,7-di-t-butyl-9,9-dimethylxanthene and measured the 1H spin–lattice relaxation rate from 87 to 270 K at NMR frequencies of ω/2π=8.50, 22.5, and 53.0 MHz. All molecules in the crystal see the same intra and intermolecular environment and the repeating unit is half a molecule. We have extended models developed for 1H spin–lattice relaxation resulting from the reorientation of a t-butyl group and its constituent methyl groups to include these rotors and the 9-methyl groups. The relaxation rate data is well-fitted assuming that the t-butyl groups and all three of their constituent methyl groups, as well as the 9-methyl groups all reorient with an NMR activation energy of 15.8±1.6 kJ mol−1 corresponding to a barrier of 17.4±3.2 kJ mol−1. Only intramethyl and intra-t-butyl intermethyl spin–spin interactions need be considered. A unique random-motion Debye (or BPP) spectral density will not fit the data for any reasonable choice of parameters. A distribution of activation energies is required
String-net condensation: A physical mechanism for topological phases
We show that quantum systems of extended objects naturally give rise to a
large class of exotic phases - namely topological phases. These phases occur
when the extended objects, called ``string-nets'', become highly fluctuating
and condense. We derive exactly soluble Hamiltonians for 2D local bosonic
models whose ground states are string-net condensed states. Those ground states
correspond to 2D parity invariant topological phases. These models reveal the
mathematical framework underlying topological phases: tensor category theory.
One of the Hamiltonians - a spin-1/2 system on the honeycomb lattice - is a
simple theoretical realization of a fault tolerant quantum computer. The higher
dimensional case also yields an interesting result: we find that 3D string-net
condensation naturally gives rise to both emergent gauge bosons and emergent
fermions. Thus, string-net condensation provides a mechanism for unifying gauge
bosons and fermions in 3 and higher dimensions.Comment: 21 pages, RevTeX4, 19 figures. Homepage http://dao.mit.edu/~we
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